TRANSCRIPTION OF DNA
Have you ever asked how the characteristics appear in a person?
This is due to the process of Gene Expression which comprises transcription and translation.
This publication is about the process of DNA transcription. Since DNA is a nucleic acid, transcribing DNA is to form another nucleic acid based on the information contained in the DNA molecule.
This other nucleic acid is the RNA molecule, which is short for ribonucleic acid. Unlike DNA, the RNA molecule is formed by a simple ribbon, has a ribose like its sugar and in its nitrogenous bases does not contain Thymine but Uracil.
In the initiation process, transcription factors recognize the site at which transcription should be initiated, so they activate transcription, attracting the RNA polymerase enzyme that binds to the promoter, in order to begin transcription, adding ribonucleotides in a well-defined way: adenine complements with uracil, cytosine with guanine, guanine with cytosine and thymine with adenine.
This stretching is done from position 5' to 3', until you find a sign of termination. In eukaryotic cells, this first molecule is called messenger RNA because it contains regions called introns, which are non-coding regions.
Then, a ribonucleoproteic complex, called a spliceosome, removes the intron regions and binds the exon regions in order to constitute a functional RNA.
Thus, it can be said that the process of DNA transcription, is the process by which from a DNA template, a molecule of RNA is synthesized.
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